Civil and Political Life in Russia during the Days of Terror (1930-1937) |
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A historical overview of the political and civilian events between 1930 and 1937. |
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This section will give a brief history of the civil and political events that took place throughout the USSR as Stalin took complete control of the nation. It was the age of famine, the show trial, and the Purges. Joseph Stalin himself will also be profiled at a later time. |
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Timeline 1930-1937
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16th Party Congress is held. | |
2 March |
Stalin's "Dizzy with Success" speech is published in Pravda. In it he tries to blame the problems of his collectivist policies on 'overzealous' local officials. | |
17 March | Lenin's widow, Nadezda Krupskaya, is removed from the Central Committee by Stalin. | |
The Ukrainian Famine occurs and lasts into the following year. | ||
The Russian Association of Proletarian Writers is dissolved. | ||
21 January |
Russian composer, Sergei Prokofiev returns to the Soviet Union after spending many years in the United States and France. The Non-Aggression Pact with Finland is signed. |
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The Soviet art style of "socialist realism" is made the official Soviet form of art. It used realistic techniques to express life as it supposedly was or would how it would ideally be under socialism |
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July | Poland signs a Non-Aggression Pact with the Soviet Union. | |
9 August | The instruments of ratification of the Russo-Finn non-aggression treaty were exchanged at Moscow. | |
10 October | The Dniepr River Dam was completed and began operations. At the time it was the world's largest. It was destroyed during the Great Patriotic war, but later rebuilt. | |
November | A non-aggression pact is signed between the French and the Soviets. Franco-Soviet relations then begin to dramatically improve. | |
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Ivan Bunin wins the Soviet Union's first Nobel Prize in literature for "the strict artistry with which he has carried on the classical Russian traditions in prose writing" | |
18 July |
Yevgeny Yevtushenko, a leader of the younger post-Stalin generation of Russian poets, was born. |
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16 November |
The Soviet Union is recognized by the United States. |
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21 November |
The first U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union, William Christian Bullitt, begins his service. |
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17th Party Congress is held. | |
Birobidzhan becomes autonomous Jewish state within the USSR. | ||
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First Congress of Russian Writers is held. |
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September |
The Soviet Union is admitted into the League of Nations. | |
15 November | The first television program with sound is aired in the USSR. | |
1 December | Sergei Kirov is murdered in Leningrad by Leonid Nicholaev. The murder was planned by the NKVD and provided the excuse for a wave of purges. | |
The collective farm statute is passed. | ||
The 'Stakhanovism' campaign begins. It celebrated the efforts of the ordinary worker and allowed a hard worker to become a celebrity for a short time. | ||
2 May | France signs alliance with the Soviet Union. This was done to deter Hitler from using military force in Europe, but only if France acted against Germany first would Russia intervene. | |
May | Czechoslovakia signs alliance with Soviet Union. | |
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18 June | Maxim Gorky dies at age 68. |
The Soviet Constitution of 1936 (also known as the 'Stalin constitution') is announced. | ||
Another round of show trials begin. Zinoviev and Kamenev are among the first victims. | ||
July | Spanish Civil War begins. Soviet government supports Republican forces while Germany and Italy support the Nationalist forces. | |
The show trials continue with Radek and Yezov becoming two of the more prominent victims. | ||
Stalin's purge of the Soviet officer corps begins. Many Red Army commanders are arrested and executed. |
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